Posted on August 31, 2008
Filed Under Acne | Leave a Comment
| Related Articles |
The role of antimicrobial peptides in human skin and in skin infectious diseases.
Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Sep;8(3):135-43
Authors: Schittek B, Paulmann M, Senyürek I, Steffen H
Antimicrobial peptides or proteins (AMPs) represent an ancient and efficient innate defense mechanism which protects interfaces from infection with pathogenic microorganisms. In human skin AMPs are produced mainly by keratinocytes, neutrophils, sebocytes or sweat glands and are either expressed constitutively or after an inflammatory stimulus. In several human skin diseases there is an inverse correlation between severity of the disease and the level of AMP production. Skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis show a diminished expression of the beta-defensins and the cathelicidin LL-37. Furthermore, these patients have a reduced amount of the AMP dermcidin in their sweat which correlates with an impaired innate defense of human skin in vivo. In addition, decreased levels of AMPs are associated with burns and chronic wounds. In contrast, overexpression of AMPs can lead to increased protection against skin infections as seen in patients with psoriasis and rosacea, inflammatory skin-diseases which rarely result in superinfection. In other skin diseases, e.g. in patients with acne vulgaris, increased levels of AMPs are often found in inflamed or infected skin areas indicating a role of these peptides in the protection from infection. These data indicate that AMPs have a therapeutical potential as topical anti-infectives in several skin diseases. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, the low incidence of bacterial resistance and their function as immunomodulatory agents are attractive features of AMPs for their clinical use.
PMID: 18782030 [PubMed - in process]
(Source: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets)Posted on August 31, 2008
Filed Under Acne | Leave a Comment
| Related Articles |
Biofilms in Skin Infections: Propionibacterium acnes and Acne Vulgaris.
Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Sep;8(3):156-9
Authors: Coenye T, Honraet K, Rossel B, Nelis HJ
It is generally accepted that many human infections are biofilm-related and that sessile (biofilm-grown) cells are highly resistant against antimicrobial agents. Propionibacterium acnes plays a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, a common disorder of the pilosebaceous follicles and it has been suggested that P. acnes cells residing within the follicles grow as a biofilm. Although P. acnes biofilms have not been observed directly in the pilosebaceous unit, the observation that P. acnes readily forms biofilm in vitro as well as on various medical devices in vivo, combined with the high resistance of sessile P. acnes cells and the increased production of particular virulence factors and qourum sensing molecules in sessile cells point in this direction. In addition, in vitro and in vivo biofilm formation has also been demonstrated for other microorganisms involved in skin diseases (including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes).
PMID: 18782032 [PubMed - in process]
(Source: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets)Posted on August 31, 2008
Filed Under Acne | Leave a Comment
| Related Articles |
Vaccine Therapy for P. acnes-Associated Diseases.
Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Sep;8(3):160-5
Authors: Nakatsuji T, Rasochova L, Huang CM
Recent studies have afforded abundant evidences showing that Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is involved not only in acne vulgaris, but also in many diseases, including endocarditis, endophthalmitis, osteomyelitis, joint, nervous system, cranial neurosurgery infections, and implanted biomaterial contamination. In spite of a range of P. acnes pathogenicity, its vaccine therapies have been studied much less intensively than antibiotic therapies which have been mainstay of treatment for P. acnes-associated diseases. Therefore, we have recently developed effective vaccines for P. acnes-associated inflammatory acne, consisting of a cell wall-anchored sialidase of P. acnes or killed-whole organism of P. acnes. Our data strongly show that immunization of ICR mice with the vaccines provides in vivo protective immunity against P. acnes challenge and decreases P. acnes-induced elevation of cytokine production. This review highlights the potential functions of killed P. acnes- and sialidase-based vaccines as novel treatments for P. acnes-associated diseases.
PMID: 18782033 [PubMed - in process]
(Source: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets)Posted on August 31, 2008
Filed Under Acne | Leave a Comment
| Related Articles |
Aripiprazole-induced acneiform eruption.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2008 Sep-Oct;30(5):479-81
Authors: Mishra B, Praharaj SK, Prakash R, Sinha VK
Drug-induced acneiform eruptions are inflammatory follicular reactions that resemble acne vulgaris both in morphology and distribution, which manifest clinically as papulopustules and occasionally as comedones. We report a case of a patient who developed acneiform eruptions while being treated with aripiprazole which resolved after discontinuation of aripiprazole and application of topical retinoic acid. The acneiform eruption could be explained on the basis of Type III allergic mechanism in an already sensitized individual.
PMID: 18774434 [PubMed - in process]
(Source: General Hospital Psychiatry)
MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can get your message across here by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.
Posted on August 31, 2008
Filed Under Acne | Leave a Comment